Index / Search / Galium boreale
§1 Plant
Galium boreale L.
vernacular northern bedstraw — species · Rubiaceae
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Forb/herb, Subshrub
- Duration
- Perennial
- Group
- Dicot
- Family
- Rubiaceae Juss.
- Genus
- Galium
§2a
Native status, by region
- AK Alaska Native
- CAN Canada Native
- GL Greenland Native
- L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b
County-level range
· 704 counties across 34 states/territories§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- Medium
- Shade
- Medium
- Moisture use
- Medium
- Fire
- Low
- Salinity
- None
- Anaerobic
- None
- CaCO₃
- High
- Hedging
- None
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- -33 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 85 min.
- Precipitation
- 20–55 in/yr
- pH range
- 5–7.2
- Root depth
- 6 in min.
- Fertility need
- Medium
- Soil texture
- coarse, medium
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Single Crown
- Growth rate
- Moderate
- Lifespan
- Moderate
- Mature height
- 3 ft
- Foliage texture
- Medium
- Foliage colour
- Green
- Porosity (summer)
- Moderate
- Porosity (winter)
- Porous
- Flower colour
- White
- Fruit colour
- Brown
- Fire resistant
- No
- N fixation
- None
- Toxicity
- None
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Late Spring
- Seed abundance
- High
- Seed begins
- Summer
- Seed ends
- Summer
- Spread rate
- Moderate
- Stratify
- Yes
- Seeds / lb
- 725,760
- Propagation
- seed
§3e
Use & availability
- Commercial availability
- Contracting Only
- Nursery stock
- No
- Palatable, human
- No
- Lumber
- No
- Christmas tree
- No
§4Counties, by state
Recorded in 704 counties across 34 states/territories.
Alaska view state ↗ 18 N ▾
- Aleutians East 02013
- Anchorage 02020
- Bethel 02050
- Bristol Bay 02060
- Chugach 02063
- Copper River 02066
- Denali 02068
- Dillingham 02070
- Fairbanks North Star 02090
- Kenai Peninsula 02122
- Kodiak Island 02150
- Lake and Peninsula 02164
- Matanuska-Susitna 02170
- Nome 02180
- North Slope 02185
- Northwest Arctic 02188
- Southeast Fairbanks 02240
- Yukon-Koyukuk 02290
Arizona view state ↗ 2 N ▾
California view state ↗ 7 N ▾
Colorado view state ↗ 35 N ▾
- Alamosa 08003
- Archuleta 08007
- Boulder 08013
- Conejos 08021
- Costilla 08023
- Custer 08027
- Delta 08029
- Douglas 08035
- Eagle 08037
- El Paso 08041
- Garfield 08045
- Gilpin 08047
- Grand 08049
- Gunnison 08051
- Huerfano 08055
- Jackson 08057
- Jefferson 08059
- La Plata 08067
- Larimer 08069
- Las Animas 08071
- Mesa 08077
- Mineral 08079
- Moffat 08081
- Montezuma 08083
- Montrose 08085
- Ouray 08091
- Park 08093
- Pitkin 08097
- Pueblo 08101
- Rio Blanco 08103
- Routt 08107
- San Juan 08111
- San Miguel 08113
- Summit 08117
- Teller 08119
Delaware view state ↗ 1 N ▾
Idaho view state ↗ 27 N ▾
- Adams 16003
- Bannock 16005
- Bear Lake 16007
- Benewah 16009
- Bingham 16011
- Blaine 16013
- Boise 16015
- Bonner 16017
- Bonneville 16019
- Caribou 16029
- Clark 16033
- Clearwater 16035
- Elmore 16039
- Franklin 16041
- Fremont 16043
- Idaho 16049
- Kootenai 16055
- Latah 16057
- Lemhi 16059
- Lewis 16061
- Lincoln 16063
- Madison 16065
- Nez Perce 16069
- Shoshone 16079
- Teton 16081
- Valley 16085
- Washington 16087
Illinois view state ↗ 17 N ▾
Indiana view state ↗ 16 N ▾
Iowa view state ↗ 12 N ▾
Maine view state ↗ 12 N ▾
Maryland view state ↗ 3 N ▾
Massachusetts view state ↗ 5 N ▾
Michigan view state ↗ 51 N ▾
- Alpena 26007
- Arenac 26011
- Barry 26015
- Bay 26017
- Berrien 26021
- Branch 26023
- Calhoun 26025
- Cass 26027
- Cheboygan 26031
- Chippewa 26033
- Clare 26035
- Clinton 26037
- Delta 26041
- Dickinson 26043
- Emmet 26047
- Genesee 26049
- Gogebic 26053
- Gratiot 26057
- Hillsdale 26059
- Ingham 26065
- Ionia 26067
- Iosco 26069
- Jackson 26075
- Kalamazoo 26077
- Kent 26081
- Keweenaw 26083
- Lake 26085
- Lapeer 26087
- Lenawee 26091
- Livingston 26093
- Mackinac 26097
- Macomb 26099
- Marquette 26103
- Mecosta 26107
- Menominee 26109
- Midland 26111
- Monroe 26115
- Montcalm 26117
- Muskegon 26121
- Newaygo 26123
- Oakland 26125
- Osceola 26133
- Oscoda 26135
- Ottawa 26139
- Schoolcraft 26153
- Shiawassee 26155
- St. Clair 26147
- St. Joseph 26149
- Tuscola 26157
- Van Buren 26159
- Washtenaw 26161
Minnesota view state ↗ 82 N ▾
- Aitkin 27001
- Anoka 27003
- Becker 27005
- Beltrami 27007
- Benton 27009
- Big Stone 27011
- Blue Earth 27013
- Brown 27015
- Carlton 27017
- Carver 27019
- Cass 27021
- Chippewa 27023
- Chisago 27025
- Clay 27027
- Clearwater 27029
- Cook 27031
- Cottonwood 27033
- Crow Wing 27035
- Dakota 27037
- Dodge 27039
- Douglas 27041
- Faribault 27043
- Fillmore 27045
- Freeborn 27047
- Goodhue 27049
- Grant 27051
- Hennepin 27053
- Houston 27055
- Hubbard 27057
- Isanti 27059
- Itasca 27061
- Jackson 27063
- Kanabec 27065
- Kandiyohi 27067
- Kittson 27069
- Koochiching 27071
- Lac qui Parle 27073
- Lake 27075
- Lake of the Woods 27077
- Le Sueur 27079
- Lincoln 27081
- Lyon 27083
- Mahnomen 27087
- Marshall 27089
- Martin 27091
- McLeod 27085
- Meeker 27093
- Mille Lacs 27095
- Morrison 27097
- Mower 27099
- Nicollet 27103
- Nobles 27105
- Norman 27107
- Olmsted 27109
- Otter Tail 27111
- Pennington 27113
- Pine 27115
- Pipestone 27117
- Polk 27119
- Pope 27121
- Ramsey 27123
- Red Lake 27125
- Redwood 27127
- Renville 27129
- Rice 27131
- Roseau 27135
- Scott 27139
- Sherburne 27141
- Sibley 27143
- St. Louis 27137
- Stearns 27145
- Steele 27147
- Todd 27153
- Traverse 27155
- Wabasha 27157
- Wadena 27159
- Waseca 27161
- Washington 27163
- Wilkin 27167
- Winona 27169
- Wright 27171
- Yellow Medicine 27173
Missouri view state ↗ 2 N ▾
Montana view state ↗ 51 N ▾
- Beaverhead 30001
- Big Horn 30003
- Blaine 30005
- Broadwater 30007
- Carbon 30009
- Carter 30011
- Cascade 30013
- Chouteau 30015
- Custer 30017
- Daniels 30019
- Dawson 30021
- Fallon 30025
- Fergus 30027
- Flathead 30029
- Gallatin 30031
- Garfield 30033
- Glacier 30035
- Golden Valley 30037
- Granite 30039
- Hill 30041
- Jefferson 30043
- Judith Basin 30045
- Lake 30047
- Lewis and Clark 30049
- Liberty 30051
- Lincoln 30053
- Madison 30057
- Meagher 30059
- Mineral 30061
- Missoula 30063
- Musselshell 30065
- Park 30067
- Petroleum 30069
- Phillips 30071
- Powder River 30075
- Powell 30077
- Prairie 30079
- Ravalli 30081
- Richland 30083
- Roosevelt 30085
- Rosebud 30087
- Sanders 30089
- Sheridan 30091
- Silver Bow 30093
- Stillwater 30095
- Sweet Grass 30097
- Teton 30099
- Toole 30101
- Valley 30105
- Wheatland 30107
- Yellowstone 30111
Nebraska view state ↗ 5 N ▾
Nevada view state ↗ 1 N ▾
New Hampshire view state ↗ 5 N ▾
New Jersey view state ↗ 9 N ▾
New Mexico view state ↗ 10 N ▾
New York view state ↗ 33 N ▾
- Albany 36001
- Allegany 36003
- Broome 36007
- Cattaraugus 36009
- Cayuga 36011
- Chenango 36017
- Columbia 36021
- Erie 36029
- Essex 36031
- Genesee 36037
- Hamilton 36041
- Jefferson 36045
- Livingston 36051
- Monroe 36055
- Montgomery 36057
- Oneida 36065
- Onondaga 36067
- Ontario 36069
- Orange 36071
- Oswego 36075
- Rensselaer 36083
- Rockland 36087
- Saratoga 36091
- Schoharie 36095
- Schuyler 36097
- St. Lawrence 36089
- Tioga 36107
- Tompkins 36109
- Warren 36113
- Washington 36115
- Wayne 36117
- Westchester 36119
- Yates 36123
North Dakota view state ↗ 49 N ▾
- Adams 38001
- Barnes 38003
- Benson 38005
- Billings 38007
- Bottineau 38009
- Bowman 38011
- Burke 38013
- Burleigh 38015
- Cass 38017
- Cavalier 38019
- Dickey 38021
- Divide 38023
- Dunn 38025
- Eddy 38027
- Emmons 38029
- Golden Valley 38033
- Grand Forks 38035
- Grant 38037
- Griggs 38039
- Kidder 38043
- LaMoure 38045
- Logan 38047
- McHenry 38049
- McIntosh 38051
- McKenzie 38053
- McLean 38055
- Mercer 38057
- Morton 38059
- Mountrail 38061
- Nelson 38063
- Oliver 38065
- Pembina 38067
- Ramsey 38071
- Ransom 38073
- Renville 38075
- Richland 38077
- Rolette 38079
- Sargent 38081
- Sheridan 38083
- Sioux 38085
- Slope 38087
- Stark 38089
- Steele 38091
- Stutsman 38093
- Towner 38095
- Walsh 38099
- Ward 38101
- Wells 38103
- Williams 38105
Ohio view state ↗ 19 N ▾
Oregon view state ↗ 28 N ▾
- Clackamas 41005
- Clatsop 41007
- Columbia 41009
- Crook 41013
- Curry 41015
- Deschutes 41017
- Grant 41023
- Harney 41025
- Hood River 41027
- Jackson 41029
- Jefferson 41031
- Josephine 41033
- Klamath 41035
- Lake 41037
- Lincoln 41041
- Linn 41043
- Marion 41047
- Morrow 41049
- Multnomah 41051
- Sherman 41055
- Tillamook 41057
- Umatilla 41059
- Union 41061
- Wallowa 41063
- Wasco 41065
- Washington 41067
- Wheeler 41069
- Yamhill 41071
Pennsylvania view state ↗ 35 N ▾
- Allegheny 42003
- Bedford 42009
- Berks 42011
- Blair 42013
- Bradford 42015
- Bucks 42017
- Butler 42019
- Centre 42027
- Chester 42029
- Delaware 42045
- Erie 42049
- Franklin 42055
- Fulton 42057
- Huntingdon 42061
- Jefferson 42065
- Lancaster 42071
- Lehigh 42077
- Luzerne 42079
- Lycoming 42081
- McKean 42083
- Mifflin 42087
- Montgomery 42091
- Montour 42093
- Northampton 42095
- Pike 42103
- Potter 42105
- Somerset 42111
- Sullivan 42113
- Susquehanna 42115
- Union 42119
- Warren 42123
- Washington 42125
- Wayne 42127
- Westmoreland 42129
- Wyoming 42131
South Dakota view state ↗ 13 N ▾
Utah view state ↗ 19 N ▾
Vermont view state ↗ 11 N ▾
Virginia view state ↗ 9 N ▾
Washington view state ↗ 24 N ▾
- Adams 53001
- Asotin 53003
- Chelan 53007
- Clallam 53009
- Columbia 53013
- Ferry 53019
- Grays Harbor 53027
- Island 53029
- King 53033
- Kittitas 53037
- Klickitat 53039
- Lincoln 53043
- Mason 53045
- Okanogan 53047
- Pacific 53049
- Pend Oreille 53051
- San Juan 53055
- Skagit 53057
- Skamania 53059
- Spokane 53063
- Stevens 53065
- Walla Walla 53071
- Whitman 53075
- Yakima 53077
West Virginia view state ↗ 5 N ▾
Wisconsin view state ↗ 66 N ▾
- Adams 55001
- Ashland 55003
- Barron 55005
- Bayfield 55007
- Brown 55009
- Buffalo 55011
- Burnett 55013
- Calumet 55015
- Chippewa 55017
- Clark 55019
- Columbia 55021
- Crawford 55023
- Dane 55025
- Dodge 55027
- Door 55029
- Douglas 55031
- Dunn 55033
- Eau Claire 55035
- Florence 55037
- Fond du Lac 55039
- Forest 55041
- Grant 55043
- Green 55045
- Green Lake 55047
- Iowa 55049
- Jackson 55053
- Jefferson 55055
- Kenosha 55059
- La Crosse 55063
- Lafayette 55065
- Lincoln 55069
- Manitowoc 55071
- Marathon 55073
- Marinette 55075
- Marquette 55077
- Menominee 55078
- Milwaukee 55079
- Monroe 55081
- Oconto 55083
- Outagamie 55087
- Ozaukee 55089
- Pepin 55091
- Pierce 55093
- Polk 55095
- Portage 55097
- Price 55099
- Racine 55101
- Richland 55103
- Rock 55105
- Rusk 55107
- Sauk 55111
- Sawyer 55113
- Shawano 55115
- Sheboygan 55117
- St. Croix 55109
- Taylor 55119
- Trempealeau 55121
- Vernon 55123
- Walworth 55127
- Washburn 55129
- Washington 55131
- Waukesha 55133
- Waupaca 55135
- Waushara 55137
- Winnebago 55139
- Wood 55141
Wyoming view state ↗ 22 N ▾
- Albany 56001
- Big Horn 56003
- Campbell 56005
- Carbon 56007
- Converse 56009
- Crook 56011
- Fremont 56013
- Goshen 56015
- Hot Springs 56017
- Johnson 56019
- Laramie 56021
- Lincoln 56023
- Natrona 56025
- Niobrara 56027
- Park 56029
- Sheridan 56033
- Sublette 56035
- Sweetwater 56037
- Teton 56039
- Uinta 56041
- Washakie 56043
- Weston 56045
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/GABO2 ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/2914338 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26
fetched 2026-05-26T20:46:58Z