Index / Search / Phalaris arundinacea
§1 Plant — species · Poaceae
Phalaris arundinacea L.
vernacular reed canarygrass
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Graminoid
- Duration
- Perennial
- Group
- Monocot
- Family
- Poaceae Barnhart
- Genus
- Phalaris
§2a
Native status, by region
- AK Alaska Introduced
- CAN Canada Native
- L48 Lower 48 States Native
- SPM St. Pierre & Miquelon Introduced
§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- Low
- Shade
- High
- Moisture use
- High
- Fire
- High
- Salinity
- Medium
- Anaerobic
- High
- CaCO₃
- Medium
- Hedging
- None
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- -38 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 120 min.
- Precipitation
- 30–65 in/yr
- pH range
- 5.5–8
- Root depth
- 14 in min.
- Fertility need
- High
- Soil texture
- medium, fine
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Rhizomatous
- Growth rate
- Rapid
- Lifespan
- Long
- Mature height
- 5 ft
- Foliage texture
- Coarse
- Foliage colour
- Green
- Porosity (summer)
- Dense
- Porosity (winter)
- Moderate
- Flower colour
- Yellow
- Fruit colour
- Black
- Fire resistant
- No
- N fixation
- None
- Toxicity
- Slight
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Late Spring
- Seed abundance
- Medium
- Seed begins
- Spring
- Seed ends
- Summer
- Spread rate
- Slow
- Stratify
- No
- Seeds / lb
- 537,920
- Propagation
- seed, sprigs
§3e
Use & availability
- Commercial availability
- Routinely Available
- Nursery stock
- No
- Browse palatability
- Low
- Graze palatability
- Medium
- Palatable, human
- No
- Protein potential
- Medium
- Lumber
- No
- Christmas tree
- No
§4Montana distribution
Recorded in 31 of 56 Montana counties.
Native · 31 counties
- Beaverhead 30001
- Big Horn 30003
- Blaine 30005
- Broadwater 30007
- Carbon 30009
- Carter 30011
- Cascade 30013
- Daniels 30019
- Fergus 30027
- Flathead 30029
- Gallatin 30031
- Hill 30041
- Jefferson 30043
- Lake 30047
- Lewis and Clark 30049
- Lincoln 30053
- Madison 30057
- Missoula 30063
- Park 30067
- Phillips 30071
- Powder River 30075
- Powell 30077
- Ravalli 30081
- Richland 30083
- Rosebud 30087
- Sanders 30089
- Stillwater 30095
- Teton 30099
- Treasure 30103
- Valley 30105
- Yellowstone 30111
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/PHAR3 ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/5289756 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-25
fetched 2026-05-25T16:28:53Z